Glass gob shearing apparatus with internally cooled blades

ABSTRACT

A parallel shear apparatus (20) for simultaneously shearing a plurality of streams of molten glass (A, B, C) into gobs comprising opposed carriages (22, 24) which are repetitively moved along rectilinear opposed paths toward and away from one another by a unidirectionally acting servo motor/gear reducer (44) acting through an oscillating bell crank (30). Each of the carriages carries a plurality of shear blades (40a, 40b, 40c/42a, 42b, 42c) which cooperate with one another to shear the glass streams into gobs when the carriages are positioned close to one another. The shear blades carried by each of the carriages have internal flow passages (66) to permit the blades to be internally liquid cooled by liquid entering the carriages from inlet lines (52, 56), and the blades carried by one of the carriages (22) are biased by compression springs (82) into contact with the blades carried by the other carriage (24) to prevent excessive contact loads between the blades in their shearing positions. A contact lubricator (88) is provided to lubricate the contact surfaces of the blades carried by one of the carriages (22).

This is a continuation application of application Ser. No. 08/602,874, filed on Feb. 6, 1996.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates to apparatus for sequentially shearing each of a multiplicity of streams of molten glass into individual gobs. More particularly, this invention relates to apparatus of the foregoing character in which opposed sets of shearing blades are simultaneously moved toward and away from one another along opposed, rectilinear paths to overlap in shearing relationship approximately at the longitudinal central axes of the streams of molten glass that are being sheared. Even more particularly, this invention relates to apparatus of the foregoing character in which each of the shearing blades is internally cooled.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

In the manufacture of glass containers by a forming machine of the I.S. ("individual section") type, one or more streams of molten glass flow downwardly from a feeder bowl of a glass melting furnace forehearth toward a section of the molding machine, and each stream is severed or sheared into a multiplicity of individual gobs by a shearing device positioned between the feeder bowl and the molding machine. A typical device of the foregoing character includes opposed sets of shear blades, each set of shear blades being mounted on a carriage assembly, and driving apparatus for reciprocating each of the carriage assemblies toward and away from one another. Various shearing devices of this general character are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,813,994 (Kulig) and in U.S. Pat. No. 4,499,806 (Mumford), the disclosures of which are incorporated by reference herein. Heretofore, shearing devices as described above utilized externally cooled shear blades, such blades being cooled by an external spray of water or an aqueous animal fat emulsion. However, the use of external cooling for such an application is undesirable because it creates the need, for environmental purposes, to recapture and recycle spent cooling fluid.

It has previously been proposed, for example, in U.S. Pat. No. 3,758,286 (Heyne), the disclosure of which is also incorporated by reference herein, to internally cool the blades of a glass feeder shearing mechanism by circulating a cooling fluid therethrough. However, an internally cooled shear blade inherently must be much thicker than an externally cooled shear blade, and, hence, internally cooled shear blades are considerably more rigid than their externally cooled counterparts. The added rigidity of internally cooled shear blades makes it difficult to maintain a proper contact load between opposed shear blades in their overlapping, shearing positions, because such internally cooled shear blades are incapable of deflecting under load to the same degree as their externally cooled counterparts.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The foregoing and other problems and limitations of shearing devices with externally cooled shear blades for use with I.S. glass container forming machines are overcome with the shearing apparatus of the present invention, which utilizes opposed sets of internally cooled shear blades, at least one of the sets being spring mounted to permit deflection under load between the free ends of the blades of such set and the overlapping free ends of the opposed set of shear blades when they are in contact with one another.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an improved parallel shear device for a glass forming machine of the individual section type. More particularly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a parallel shear device of the foregoing character whose blades are internally cooled. It is also an object of the present invention to provide a parallel shear device of the foregoing character in which the contact loads between opposed blades will not be unduly excessive, notwithstanding the rigidity of the blades resulting from the thickness needed to accommodate internal cooling. It is also an object of the present invention to provide an improved device for lubricating the contact surfaces of the blades of a parallel shear device of the foregoing character.

For a further understanding of the present invention, and the objects thereof, attention is directed to the drawing and the following description thereof, to the detailed description of the preferred embodiment of the invention, and to the appended claims.

IN THE DRAWING

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a glass gob parallel shearing apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a plan view, at an enlarged scale, of the left hand portion of the apparatus of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a plan view, at an enlarged scale, of the right hand portion of the apparatus of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a front view, at an enlarged scale, of the apparatus of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a plan view, at an enlarged scale, of a portion of the apparatus of FIGS. 1 and 2;

FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken on line 6--6 of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken on line 7--7 of FIG. 5;

FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken on line 8--8 of FIG. 5;

FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken on line 9--9 of FIG. 5;

FIG. 10 is a top plan view of one of the elements of the apparatus of FIGS. 1 and 2;

FIG. 11 is a bottom plan view of the element illustrated in FIG. 10;

FIG. 12 is a sectional view taken on line 12--12 of FIG. 11;

FIG. 13 is a sectional view taken on line 13--13 of FIG. 10;

FIG. 14 is an exploded, perspective view of the element of FIGS. 10-13; and

FIG. 15 is a fragmentary, elevational view of a portion of the apparatus illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 3.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

A parallel shear apparatus or device according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention is indicated generally by reference numeral 20 in the drawing and includes opposed shear blade carriages 22 and 24. The carriages 22 and 24 are mounted for reciprocating motion toward and away from one another, the carriage 22 being mounted on spaced apart, parallel tubular slides 26a and 26b and the carriage 24 being mounted on spaced apart, parallel tubular slides 28a and 28b. Preferably, the slides 26a and 26b are oriented to extend upwardly at a slight angle with respect to the orientation of the slides 28a and 28b, which preferably extend horizontally, to gradually bring the carriage 24 closer to the carriage 22 in a vertical direction as the horizontal distance therebetween is reduced.

The motion of each of the carriages 22 and 24 is rectilinear, and is simultaneously actuated by an oscillating bell crank 30. In that regard, the carriage 22 is connected to a throw 32 of the bell crank 30 by a connecting rod 34, an end 34a of which is pivotally attached to the carriage 22 and the other end 34b of which is pivotally attached to the throw 32 of the bell crank 30. Likewise, the carriage 24 is connected to a throw 36 of the bell crank 30 by a connecting rod 38, an end 38a of which is pivotally attached to the carriage 24 and the other end 38b of which it pivotally attached to the throw 36, the throws 32 and 36 being diametrically opposed to one another in their positions in relation to the bell crank 30.

The carriage 22 carries one or more horizontally extending double-ended shear blades, shown as three, horizontally aligned shear blades 40a, 40b and 40c, one for each of the molten glass streams A, B and C flowing vertically from the glass feeder thereabove (not shown) with which the shear apparatus 20 is associated. Likewise, the carriage 24 carries a like number of horizontally extending shear blades, shown as the horizontally aligned shear blades 42a, 42b and 42c. The shear blades 40a, 40b, 40c, 42a, 42b and 42c may be, and preferably are, identical to one another. As the bell crank 30 is caused to oscillate, by means which will hereinafter be described more fully, the carriages 22 and 24 are caused to move along parallel paths toward and then away from one another, to periodically bring the free ends of the opposed shear blades 40a and 42a, 40b and 42b, and 40c and 42d, respectively, into partly overlapping relationship with one another in alignment with the streams of molten glass A, B and C, respectively, to thereby shear the streams of molten glass A, B and C into discrete gobs for further processing into individual glass containers by a glass forming machine of the individual section type (not shown), which is positioned below the shear apparatus 20. The motion imparted to the carriages 22, 24 by the bell crank 30 through the connecting rods 34 and 38 will be harmonic in its velocity and acceleration characteristics. This will minimize inertial loads on the carriages 22 and 24 and thereby minimize wear on them.

The bell crank 30 is caused to oscillate about its central axis O by a unidirectionally acting a.c. servo motor and gear reducer combination 44, which is mounted on a bracket 46 and may be of conventional construction. The rotational movement of the servo motor gear reducer combination 44 is transmitted to the bell crank 30 by a connecting rod 48, an end 48a of which is pivotally attached to the servo motor gear reducer combination 44 at a location away from its axis of rotation, and the other end 48b of which is pivotally attached to a throw 50 of the bell crank 30 at a location between, and spaced from each of, the throws 32 and 36.

The blades 40a, 40b, 40c are internally liquid cooled, for example, by water, flexible inlet and outlet lines 52, 54, respectively, being provided to connect the carriage 22 to a source, not shown, of such cooling liquid. Likewise, the blades 42a, 42b, 42c are internally liquid cooled, flexible inlet and outlet lines 56, 58, respectively, being provided to connect the carriage 24 to a source, not shown, of such cooling liquid. As is shown in FIG. 9 for the blades 40a, 40b, 40c and in FIG. 6 for the blade 40c, cooling liquid flows from the inlet line 52 into an internal passage 60 in the carriage 22, and from the passage 60 into branch passages 60a, 60b, 60c which lead to the blades 40a, 40b, 40c, respectively.

FIGS. 10-14 illustrate the blade 40a, which is identical to the blades 40b, 40c, and to the blades 42a, 42b, 42c for that matter. The blade 40a is assembled from upper and lower pieces 62, 64, each of which is preferably formed from tool steel. The upper and lower pieces are continuously joined to one another around their respective peripheries, preferably by furnace brazing, to be liquid tight. The furnace brazing process will also harden the blade 40a. The upper and lower pieces 62, 64 are configured to define an internal flow passage 66 that leads from an inlet opening 68, which is in communication with the branch passage 60a, toward the shearing end of the blade 40a and back to a spaced apart pair of outlet openings 70, 72, as indicated by the path P for the blade 40c in FIG. 5. In that regard, the lower piece 64 has a pocket 64a machined into it, which serves to receive the upper piece 62, and the lower piece 64, thus, is the primary structural member imparting rigidity to the blade 40a. Further, the flow passage 66 is formed in the upper piece 62 by machining or investment casting. In any case, the outlet openings 70, 72 are in communication with branch passages 74a-1, 74a-2 of an outlet passage 74 in the carriage 22. The outlet passage 74, in turn, is in fluid communication with the outlet line 54.

For proper shearing of the glass stream A, for example, the opposed shear blades 40a, 42a must contact each other when they overlap with one another at the innermost limits of their travel, in position to shear a gob of glass from the glass stream A, as indicated in phantom line in FIG. 4. The thickness of the blades 40a, 42a that is required to accommodate internal cooling, as heretofore described, precludes adequate deflection of the blades 40a, 42a when they engage one another in their overlapping positions, thus posing the risk of excessive contact loads on such blades. To avoid such risk, the blades carried by one of the carriages 22, 24, shown as the blades 40a, 40b carried by the carriage 22, are spring mounted with respect to such carriage, to permit the spring mounted blades to yield with respect to their opposed blades under contact loads that could otherwise be of an excessive magnitude.

Thus, as is shown, for example, in connection with the blades 40c, 40b in FIGS. 6 and 7, respectively, each of the blades 40c, 40b is mounted on a block portion 76c, 76b, respectively, of the carriage 22, together the block portions 76c, 76b being reciprocable in a vertical plane with respect to other structure of the carriage 22. To that end, the block portions 76c, 76b is provided with a vertically spaced apart pair of guide rollers 78c-1, 78c-2, that are guided for reciprocation in a vertical plane by slots 80c-1, 80c-2, in the structure of the carriage 22. The block 76b, which carries the blade 40b, is biased toward its uppermost position by a compression spring 82 that is trapped between a horizontal surface 84 of the carriage 22 and a horizontal surface 86 of the block portion 76b, the uppermost limit of the travel of the block 76b. A similar spring biasing element is provided to bias the blade 40a toward its uppermost positions being limited by the vertical extent of the slots 80c-1, 80c-2, which limits the upward travel of the guide rollers 78c-1, 78c-2. As is shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the block portion 76c is provided with a roller 78c that is rotatable within a slot 80c of the carriage 22 to permit the block portions to move freely in a vertical direction while limiting the side-to-side motion of the block portions.

Because of the upward orientation of the tubular slides 26a, 26b relative to the horizontal orientation of the slides 28a, 28b, the contact loads between the opposed blades 40b, 42b, for example, can be safely maintained at a low value when they first contact one another as they enter their shearing positions. Further travel, which would otherwise increase the contact loads quite rapidly, is safely accommodated by the compression of the compression springs, such as the spring 82, as heretofore described.

FIGS. 4 and 15 illustrate a device for lubricating the contact surface of a blade of a set of blades, shown as the upper surface of the blade 40c, prior to its shearing contact with the contact surface of an opposed blade, namely the lower surface of the blade 42c. The upper surface of the blade 40c is contacted by a contact lubricator 88, which is pivotally mounted on a shaft 90. the lubricator 88 is biased downwardly against the upper surface of the blade 40c by a compression spring 92, which is trapped between a surface 94 of the lubricator 88 and a surface 96 of a member 98 that is affixed to a fixed frame member 100.

The shaft 90 receives lubricant, such as lubricating oil, through an internal passage 102, which communicates with a passage 104 in the lubricator 88. The lubricant then exits onto the upper surface of the blade 40c, and is smoothed into a smooth, thin film by a contact portion 88a as the blade 40c is moved forward by the carriage 22. Blades 40a, 40b are lubricated in a similar manner. Cooling of the lubricator 88 is provided by a compressed air distributor 106, which is attached to the underside of a fixed cover plate 108 that covers as much of the carriages 22, 24 as can be properly covered without interfering with the flow of the glass streams A, B, C through the parallel shear apparatus.

Although the best mode contemplated by the inventor(s) for carrying out the present invention as of the filing date hereof has been shown and described herein, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that suitable modifications, variations, and equivalents may be made without departing from the scope of the invention, such scope being limited solely by the terms of the following claims and the legal equivalents thereof. 

What is claimed:
 1. Shear apparatus for shearing at least one stream of molten glass into individual gobs, said apparatus comprising:a first carriage; a second carriage, said second carriage being opposed to said first carriage; first means for slidably supporting said first carriage; second means for slidably supporting said second carriage; a first blade carried by said first carriage, said first blade having a first internal circulating path to permit a cooling fluid to circulate therethrough; a second blade carried by said second carriage, said second blade having a second internal passage to permit a cooling fluid to circulate therethrough; and drive means for simultaneously driving said first carriage and said second carriage toward and away from one another between first positions of said first carriage and said second carriage where said first blade and said second blade are spaced apart from one another and second positions of said first carriage and said second carriage where said first blade and said second blade partly overlap one another to shear a stream of molten glass flowing therebetween; and wherein each of said first blade and said second blade comprises:an upper piece; and a lower piece; one of said upper piece and said lower piece having a pocket therein; the other of said upper piece and said lower piece being received in said pocket and having a flow passage formed therein; said upper piece and said lower piece being joined to one another in a liquid tight manner.
 2. Shear apparatus for shearing a plurality of streams of molten glass into individual gobs, said apparatus comprising:a first carriage; a second carriage, said second carriage being opposed to said first carriage; first means for slidably supporting said first carriage; second means for slidably supporting said second carriage; a first plurality of blades carried by said first carriage, each of the blades of said first plurality of blades having a first internal circulating path to permit a cooling fluid to circulate therethrough; a second plurality of blades carried by said second carriage, each of the blades of said second plurality of blades having a second internal passage to permit a cooling fluid to circulate therethrough; drive means for simultaneously driving said first carriage and said second carriage toward and away from one another between first positions of said first carriage and said second carriage where said first plurality of blades and said second plurality of blades are spaced apart from one another and second positions of said first carriage and said second carriage where the blades of said first plurality of blades and the blades of said second plurality of blades partly overlap one another to shear a plurality of streams of molten glass flowing therebetween; and wherein each of the blades of said first plurality of blades and each of the blades of said second plurality of blades comprises:an upper piece; and a lower piece; one of said upper piece and said lower piece having a pocket therein; the other of said upper piece and said lower piece being received in said pocket and having a flow passage formed therein; and said upper piece and said lower piece being joined to one another in a liquid tight manner.
 3. Parallel shear apparatus for shearing at least one stream of molten glass into individual gobs, said apparatus comprising:a first carriage; a second carriage, said second carriage being opposed to said first carriage; first slide means for slidably supporting said first carriage; second slide means for slidably supporting said second carriage; a first blade carried by said first carriage, said first blade having a first internal circulating path to permit a cooling fluid to circulate therethrough; a second blade carried by said second carriage, said second blade having a second internal passage to permit a cooling fluid to circulate therethrough; and drive means for simultaneously driving said first carriage and said second carriage toward and away from one another along first and second rectilinear travel paths between first positions of said first carriage and said second carriage where said first blade and said second blade are spaced apart from one another and second positions of said first carriage and said second carriage where said first blade and said second blade partly overlap one another to shear a stream of molten glass flowing therebetween; and wherein each of said first blade and said second blade comprises an upper piece; and a lower piece; one of said upper piece and said lower piece having a pocket therein; the other of said upper piece and said lower piece being received in said pocket and having a flow passage formed therein; said upper piece and said lower piece being joined to one another in a liquid tight manner.
 4. Parallel shear apparatus for shearing a plurality of streams of molten glass into individual gobs, said apparatus comprising:a first carriage; a second carriage, said second carriage being opposed to said first carriage; first slide means for slidably supporting said first carriage; second slide means for slidably supporting said second carriage; a first plurality of blades carried by said first carriage, each of the blades of said first plurality of blades having a first internal circulating passage to permit a cooling fluid to circulate therethrough; a second plurality of blades carried by said second carriage, each of the blades of said second plurality of blades having a second internal passage to permit a cooling fluid to circulate therethrough; drive means for simultaneously driving said first carriage and said second carriage toward and away from one another along first and second rectilinear travel paths between first positions of said first carriage and said second carriage where the blades of said first plurality of blades and the blades of said second plurality of blades are spaced apart from one another and second positions of said first carriage and said second carriage where the blades of said first plurality of blades partly overlap one another to shear a plurality of streams of molten glass flowing therebetween; and wherein: one of said first slide means and said second slide means extends substantially horizontally; and the other of said first slide means and said second slide means extends at a small angle with respect to said one of said first slide means and said second slide means to gradually reduce the vertical distance between said first plurality of blades and said second plurality of blades as said first carriage and said second carriage are moving toward one another.
 5. Parallel shear apparatus for shearing a plurality of streams of molten glass into individual gobs, said apparatus comprising:a first carriage; a second carriage, said second carriage being opposed to said first carriage; first slide means for slidably supporting said first carriage; second slide means for slidably supporting said second carriage; a first plurality of blades carried by said first carriage, each of the blades of said first plurality of blades having a first internal circulating passage to permit a cooling fluid to circulate therethrough; a second plurality of blades carried by said second carriage, each of the blades of said second plurality of blades having a second internal passage to permit a cooling fluid to circulate therethrough; and drive means for simultaneously driving said first carriage and said second carriage toward and away from one another along first and second rectilinear travel paths between first positions of said first carriage and said second carriage where the blades of said first plurality of blades and the blades of said second plurality of blades are spaced apart from one another and second positions of said first carriage and said second carriage where the blades of said first plurality of blades and the blades of said second plurality of blades partly overlap one another to shear a plurality of streams of molten glass flowing therebetween; and wherein each of the blades of said first plurality of blades and each of the blades of said second plurality of blades comprises: an upper piece a lower piece; one of said upper piece and said lower piece having a pocket therein; the other of said upper piece and said lower piece being received in said pocket and having a flow passage formed therein; and said upper piece and said lower piece being joined to one another in a liquid tight manner. 